Dorrough 40-A Specifications download pdf (Page 38)

Dynamic Gated Integrated Loudness (I)

The dynamic gated loudness is a long term measurement (an integration over the entire material) based on the

momentary loudness.

It uses a dynamic gate at -10 LU under (dB relative to) the absolute gated loudness which means that the

measurement is on hold if the momentary loudness gets under the dynamic gate.

It is always the last value of the dynamic gate which is used on the material. This means that it is necessary to

include or exclude any material from the “past” if the dynamic gate is changing. This means that the dynamic gate

is always -10 LU under (dB relative to) the end result of the dynamic gated loudness.

The dynamic gate level may vary with local requirements. Dynamic Gated Integrated Loudness is abbreviated ‘I’

True Peak (TP)

True peak measurements, not only looks at the actual samples, but also inter-sample peaks.

This means that True Peak metering will indicate peaks that would potentially cause distortion when converter in

e.g. digital-analogue converters, sample rate converters and data compression codecs.

True peak is therefore a highly relevant tool when performing normalization of source material.

LUFS, LKFS and LU

The three LU, LUFS and LKFS are essentially addressing the same issue, which sometimes cause some

confusion.

LKFS is the K-weighted loudness scale and one unit on this scale is equal to one dB. LUFS is identical to LKFS.

ITU-R BS.1770-2 and ATSC are using the terms LKFS, while EBU R128 are using LUFS – both are expressing

the identical scale. 0 LUFS/LKFS is equal to 0 dBFS @ 1KHz according to ITU-R BS.1770-2 and EBU R128

(some recommendations may use 400Hz).

LU stands for Loudness Unit, and is a scale relative to the chosen Reference level. 0 LU is equal to the reference

level. The reference level will vary between the different Recommendations e.g. EBU R128 has 0 LU = -23

LUFS. One LU is equal to one dB

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Dorrough 40-A Specifications Page 38